Fears over a broader regional war and attacks on Gulf infrastructure led the leaders of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Qatar to intensify efforts to persuade US President Donald Trump to delay any potential strike on Iran.
Trump wrote in a post on Truth Social on Monday that he originally planned to strike Iran on Tuesday.
“I have been asked by the Emir of Qatar, Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud, and the President of the United Arab Emirates, Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, to hold off on our planned Military attack of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which was scheduled for tomorrow, in that serious negotiations are now taking place,” the president tweeted.
He added that “in their opinion, as Great Leaders and Allies, a Deal will be made, which will be very acceptable to the United States.”
According to regional analysts, Gulf leaders fear that even a limited American strike on Iranian energy or military infrastructure could provoke retaliatory attacks targeting desalination facilities, electrical grids, oil infrastructure, and shipping lanes throughout the Gulf.
Saudi Arabia concerned over infrastructure strikes, Iranian civil war
“Saudi Arabia is worried that if Trump strikes the energy and electricity infrastructure in Iran, the Iranians still have the capability of striking back and destroying desalination plants, electricity generation plants - the infrastructure of Saudi Arabia - which cannot be fully defended,” Bernard Haykel, professor of Near Eastern Studies, Princeton University and Senior Fellow at the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies, told The Jerusalem Post.
“In the summer, if you lose water desalination, you’re in deep trouble. It could cause a humanitarian crisis,” Haykel said.
He also added that Saudi leaders’ concerns go beyond immediate retaliation and include fears that military escalation could destabilize Iran itself.
“They don’t want a failed state in Iran because a failed state in Iran could lead to a Libya-like situation with civil war. That’s also something that could very seriously destabilize the region,” he said.
According to Haykel, Riyadh and other Gulf capitals have consistently favored de-escalation and negotiated arrangements with Tehran over military confrontation.
“They would like to come to some sort of detente, a de-escalation agreement with the Iranians,” he said. “This has been their position from the very beginning. They were against the war to start with, and they’ve been trying to reach an accommodation with the Iranians and a negotiated settlement.”
Haykel argued that Gulf governments believe Iran’s regime faces greater long-term danger from internal pressures than from external military action.
“The Saudis believe, like I do, that the real threat to the regime is domestic, not external,” he said. “If you leave the regime in place, the people in Iran will eventually take care of it.”
At the same time, Haykel said Gulf states remain deeply skeptical that Washington would sustain a prolonged campaign against Iran if retaliation intensified.