The risk of a nuclear escalation on Russia’s borders with NATO countries continues to rise. Moscow has withdrawn troops from the area and replaced them with tactical nuclear weapons on its Northern Fleet ships for the first time since the collapse of the Soviet Union, according to Norwegian military intelligence.
Oslo fears that the presence of these warheads poses “a particularly serious threat in various scenarios that may involve countries of the Atlantic Alliance,” since mutual mistrust “has raised the possibility of unwanted events and misunderstandings between Russia and NATO.”
The Norwegian Defense Ministry’s annual report, Fokus 2023, confirms that a central part of Russia’s nuclear capability has been deployed on the surface ships and submarines of the Northern Fleet. According to the Norwegian media, the last time that warships armed with nuclear weapons departed from the Arctic port of Severomorsk was back in the golden age of the Russian navy, during the Cold War.
“With a weakened conventional capability, the importance of nuclear weapons has increased significantly for Russia,” the report says, adding that Moscow can also count on other types of warfare through anti-satellite weapons, cyber tools and its special forces for sabotaging submarine infrastructure.
The report warns that nobody should rule out the possibility that “a local war could turn into a larger conflict” directly involving Russia, the US and NATO. According to this information, Russia had planned the complete occupation of Ukraine and its ambition was to seize as much intact infrastructure as possible.
Russian authorities have repeatedly warned about the possibility of nuclear war if their other plans fail. President Vladimir Putin warned in September 2022 that he would defend the annexed territory “with all means” at his disposal, and the deputy head of the Security Council and ex-president, Dmitry Medvedev, stated in early January that “the defeat of a nuclear power in a conventional war can lead to the outbreak of a nuclear war.”
Additionally, Western intelligence sources said on Tuesday that Russia is amassing aircraft near the Ukrainian border, an indication that Moscow is preparing to send air support for its ground offensive, the Financial Times reported. Fears of an impending air war have prompted Western allies to prioritize rapid shipments of air defense assets and artillery munitions to Kyiv, according to Western officials, as a response to Moscow’s shift in focus as the war enters a new phase.
Severomorsk is located on the Kola Peninsula, a region of great strategic importance, since the Arctic routes will become very important in the future due to climate change. The region adjoins a NATO country, Norway, and a new candidate, Finland. Despite the fact that the Kremlin argued that its offensive on Kyiv was tied to a hypothetical NATO threat against Russia, Moscow has reduced its military presence in that area and in the Baltic Sea in order to reinforce its positions in Ukraine.
The Norwegian report underscored the deployment to the Northern Fleet of some of Russia’s new generation weapons. According to Washington, both the Tsirkon hypersonic missiles and the Kalibr precision rockets can carry nuclear warheads, although it has so far not accused Moscow of equipping its ships with these weapons.
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