Even though I was unaware of such a link when I wrote my master’s thesis, Roman Catholic Justification in the Light of Scripture, it was the beginning of how the Lord connected the dots between Paul’s teaching on justification by faith and God’s promise to restore a kingdom to Israel.
God’s Decree Of “Not Guilty” Can Never Be Reversed.
The word “justification” signifies God’s legal declaration of “not guilty” to all those that call upon the Lord in saving faith. In Paul’s day, the term referred to a verdict of innocence in a courtroom setting. For us, the pronouncement signifies the exchanging of our sins for Jesus’ righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:21).
Once God declares the sinner righteous in His sight, that person will receive a glorious eternity (see Romans 8:29-30). Nothing whatsoever can stop the completion of our redemption once He declares us forever “not guilty.” It’s a done deal! God has declared you to be forever “not guilty” of all your sins, even those you have yet to commit.
The Bible also confirms that our justification happens at the moment of our regeneration: “Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ” (Romans 5:1; see also Titus 3:4-7). What would be the point of Paul assuring us that it’s impossible for anyone or anything to overrule His pronouncement of our righteousness if it had not already happened? (Romans 8:31-39)
Through the research for my thesis, I discovered that the timing of justification became a fundamental difference between the Reformers and the Roman Catholic Church. The Catholic theologians maintained that God’s justification of the sinner didn’t happen until the time of his or her death. This enabled the church to mandate sacraments through which it alone can administer grace and thereby increase the likelihood of one receiving a favorable verdict at life’s end. The Reformers believed what Scripture said and refused to compromise on this matter.
The notion that we can lose our salvation, or walk away from it, aligns with the Roman Catholic understanding of justification rather than what Paul wrote about in Romans 4-8. If we are not eternally secure at the moment of our regeneration, then our final justification depends on our behavior, which is Roman Catholicism 101.
How is it possible for “double jeopardy” to exist in God’s courtroom when He knew everything about us, including everything about our future, at the moment He declared us forever “not guilty?”
If Our Justification Is Permanent, Then God’s Promises To Israel Must Also Be Eternal
As I was working on my thesis, one of my professors at Talbot Theological Seminary assigned the reading of The Triumph of the Crucified by Erich Sauer. This book soon became instrumental in solidifying my beliefs in Premillennialism, the belief that Jesus will reign over the nations of the earth for a thousand years as the Apostle John tells us He will do (Revelation 20:1-10). The book opened my eyes to the biblical connection between the unchangeable nature of God’s justification of the sinner and His irrevocable covenant promises to the nation of Israel.
Have you ever wondered why Paul transitioned from asserting the eternal nature of our justification (Romans chapter 8) to spending three chapters explaining why God has not rejected the nation of Israel? The explanation that Erich Sauer gives for the apostle’s reasoning still resonates in my mind:
The question of the Millennial kingdom is therefore not only a question of final history, but touches at the same time the very heart of the gospel (freedom from law, universality of the gospel, gift by grace). To deny it makes either God a liar in relation to His prophets or Paul a false witness in relation to us. Rom. 9-11 is no mere justifying of God, but a justification of Paul’s doctrine of justification.
Both our hope of glory and Israel’s anticipation of a still future kingdom rest upon the unalterable nature of God’s Word. To deny either one makes Him far less then trustworthy.
Scripture Must Have The Final Say
Some might object to my reasoning by stating that the Reformers themselves correctly understood Paul’s teaching regarding justification by faith and yet they taught Replacement Theology, the belief that the Lord has rejected Israel and replaced the nation with the church, which represents His current kingdom on the earth.
In response, I would say what I have written so far does not depend on the beliefs of Luther and Calvin, but rather upon what the words of Scripture.
Furthermore, church history reveals that the Reformer’s passion for letting God’s Word speak for itself led to a widespread revival of belief that the Lord would restore Israel to the Land.
They taught the finality of God’s Word in all things related to faith and practice through these two principles:
- Sola Scripture: The Bible alone must be our sole source for faith and practice.
- Scripture interprets Scripture: Because God’s Word does not contradict itself, we must use the clearer passages of Scripture to interpret those that are less so.
During the Dark Ages, Catholic theology pertaining to both God’s justification of the sinner and Replacement Theology rested solely on human wisdom rather than upon the words of Scripture. Although the Reformers did not apply their own principles of biblical interpretation to future things, those that followed them did.
In his book Dispensationalism Before Darby, Dr. William C. Watson provides a list of twenty-one theologians who, from 1584 to 1675, either asserted a belief in Israel’s restoration and the nation’s future return to the Land or stressed the need to love the Jewish people because they remained God’s chosen race. In his academic trek through church history, the author provides an abundance of quotes from those who espoused a pre-Tribulation appearing of Jesus and His thousand-year reign during both the early centuries of the church as well as during the centuries following the Reformation.
The arguments I used in my thesis to refute the Roman Catholic understanding of justification rested solely upon the inerrant and inspired words of Scripture. If we are to correctly understand what the Bible teaches about future things, we must adopt this same attitude toward its prophetic texts.
Replacement Theology Exalts The Church Rather Than Jesus
If there’s one pattern that remains consistent in the Roman Catholic teachings regarding justification and Replacement Theology, it’s the exaltation of the church far above the person of Jesus.
The placement of justification at the end of one’s life makes the church, rather than Jesus, the primary focus of one’s hope of eternal life. The mandating of sacraments as the means of the Catholic Church dispensing grace is just one example of how this errant view of the Gospel exalts the church at the expense of the honor that belongs exclusively to Jesus.
Those that espouse Replacement Theology tell us that Jesus is now reigning over the nations on earth in fulfillment of the Bible’s numerous assurances that He would someday rule over the nations from Mount Zion (Psalms 2 and 46, for example). Not only does such teaching directly contradict the words of Scripture, but it also greatly demeans the person of our Lord Jesus as I explain a recent article: “The Claim That Jesus Now Reigns Over the Nations Dishonors Our Savior.”
Today’s most popular variation of Replacement Theology is Dominion Theology, the belief that the church, not Jesus, will inaugurate the Millennium with the Lord returning at its end. In other words, all the kingdom grandeur will go to the church with Jesus appearing as but an afterthought to the earthly rule established by the all glorious church. It’s tragic how many Christians ascribe to such a shameless usurping of Jesus’ glory.
Though today’s preterists do not ascribe honor to papal Rome, they hijack Jesus’ glory by removing Him as the focus of the believer’s hope. I say this based both on studying their beliefs and carefully listening to those that claim to be adherents if preterism.
Biblically sound teachings, whether in respect to the Gospel or future things, are those that glorify Jesus and place our hope of eternal life exclusively upon Him.
Our adversary does all he can to usurp the Lord’s grandeur and cause us to focus our hope of eternal life solely upon ourselves. He has done this through Roman Catholic beliefs that place our justification at the time of our death and Replacement Theology that makes Jesus’ rule over the nations far, far less glorious than what the words of Scripture tell us about it.
The imminent expectation of believers during New Testament times was upon Jesus’ appearing (Philippians 3:20-21). The same is true today.
Thank you for an eloquent portrayal of our faith in Jesus Christ our Lord and Savior!
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